Preoperative Management and Nursing Care Using The Nursing Process

6.1. Types of Consent

Types of consent include implied consent, express consent, informed consent and unanimous consent.

Informed consent: A process in which patients are given important information, including possible risks and benefits, about a medical procedure or treatment, genetic testing, or a clinical trial. This is to help them decide if they want to be treated, tested, or take part in the trial.

Consent to treatment means a person must give permission before they receive any type of medical treatment, test or examination. This must be done on the basis of an explanation by a clinician. Consent from a patient is needed regardless of the procedure, whether it's a physical examination or something else.

The principle of consent is an important part of medical ethics and international human rights law.

Informed consent information

• Explanation of risks and how often they occur.
• Explanation that patient has the right to refuse treatment or withdraw consent.
• Patient must be 18 years old to sign own consent or be an emancipated minor.
• Parent signs for dependent children as legally responsible.

Informed Consent for Surgery & Blood Transfusion

3 requirements:

• Adequate disclosure of diagnosis-purpose, risks, and consequences of treatment, probability of success, prognosis if not instituted
• Understanding & comprehension -patient must be drug free prior to signing consent
• Consent given voluntarily -patient must not be persuaded or coerced to undergo the procedure

Informed consent

• Patient signs consent if of legal age (18 above)
• Family member signs permit if patient a minor
• Family sign permit if patient incapacitated
• Signed permit is a part of chart (mentally disabled will be consented by guardian)